{"id":141,"date":"2021-02-01T18:55:40","date_gmt":"2021-02-01T21:55:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/estudobiblico.org\/is\/?p=141"},"modified":"2021-02-01T18:55:40","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T21:55:40","slug":"bref-james","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/2021\/02\/01\/bref-james\/","title":{"rendered":"Br\u00e9f James\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Verki\u00f0 sem krafist er \u00ed br\u00e9fi Jakobs sem segist hafa tr\u00fa (tr\u00fa) er verki\u00f0 sem \u00ferautseigja l\u00fdkur (Jak 1: 4), \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 hi\u00f0 fullkomna l\u00f6gm\u00e1l, l\u00f6gm\u00e1l frelsisins (Jak 1: 25).<\/p>\n

\n

Br\u00e9f James<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Kynning<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Jakob hinn r\u00e9ttl\u00e1ti, hugsanlega einn af br\u00e6\u00f0rum Jes\u00fa (Mt 13:55; Mark. 6: 3), er h\u00f6fundur \u00feessa br\u00e9fs.<\/p>\n

Br\u00f3\u00f0ir Jakobs breyttist a\u00f0eins eftir upprisu Krists (J\u00f3h. 7: 3-5; Postulasagan 1:14; 1. Kor. 15: 7; Gal. 1:19), ger\u00f0ist einn af lei\u00f0togum kirkjunnar \u00ed Jer\u00fasalem og er skipa\u00f0ur sem einn af s\u00falurnar \u00ed kirkjunni (Gal. 2: 9).<\/p>\n

Br\u00e9f Jakobs er dagsett um 45 e.Kr. C., langt fyrir fyrsta r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed Jer\u00fasalem, sem f\u00f3r fram um 50 d. C., sem gerir elsta br\u00e9f N\u00fdja testamentisins. Samkv\u00e6mt sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0ingnum Fl\u00e1vio Josefo var Tiago drepinn um \u00e1ri\u00f0 62 d. \u00c7.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0takendur br\u00e9fsins eru dreif\u00f0ir gy\u00f0ingar sem kristnir voru (Jak 1: 1), \u00feess vegna er hinn strangi t\u00f3nn og tungum\u00e1l s\u00e9rkennilegt Gy\u00f0ingum.<\/p>\n

\u00deegar hann skrifa\u00f0i \u00feetta br\u00e9f, reyndi Jakob a\u00f0 andm\u00e6la kenningu Gy\u00f0inga um a\u00f0 hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 einum Gu\u00f0i, me\u00f0 kenningu fagna\u00f0arerindisins, sem er a\u00f0 hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 Jes\u00fa Krist, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 er gagnslaust a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 hann tr\u00fai \u00e1 Gu\u00f0, en a\u00f0 hann hl\u00fd\u00f0ir ekki bo\u00f0or\u00f0i Gu\u00f0s, \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 Krist. N\u00e1lgun Jakobs minnir okkur \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 sem Jes\u00fas kenndi:\u00a0\u201eEKKI l\u00e1ta hjarta \u00feitt vera \u00f3r\u00f3tt; \u00fe\u00fa tr\u00fair \u00e1 Gu\u00f0, \u00fe\u00fa tr\u00fair l\u00edka \u00e1 mig \u201c<\/strong>(J\u00f3hannes 14: 1), sem s\u00fdnir mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess sem fjalla\u00f0 er um hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar markh\u00f3pinn: Gy\u00f0ingar t\u00f3ku kristni.<\/p>\n

En misskilningur um br\u00e9f Jakobs breiddist \u00fat um allan kristna heiminn, a\u00f0 hann var\u00f0i hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0i me\u00f0 verkum og andm\u00e6lti postulanum vi\u00f0 hei\u00f0ingjana, sem v\u00f6r\u00f0u\u00f0u hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir tr\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Misskilningurinn \u00e1 n\u00e1lgun James var\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 Martin Luther andstygg\u00f0i \u00feennan br\u00e9f og kalla\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 \u201estr\u00e1br\u00e9f\u201c. Honum t\u00f3kst ekki a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 kennsla Jakobs v\u00e6ri ekki fr\u00e1brug\u00f0in kenningu P\u00e1ls postula.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Yfirlit yfir Jakobsbr\u00e9f<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Br\u00e9f Jakobs byrjar \u00e1 hvatningu til \u00ferautseigju \u00ed tr\u00fanni, \u00fear sem \u00ferautseigju l\u00fdkur verki tr\u00faarinnar (Jak 1: 3-4). S\u00e1 sem \u00feolir pr\u00f3fraunir \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 hverfa er blessa\u00f0ur, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann mun f\u00e1 k\u00f3r\u00f3nu l\u00edfsins fr\u00e1 Gu\u00f0i, sem ver\u00f0ur gefinn \u00feeim sem hl\u00fd\u00f0a honum (Jak 1:12).<\/p>\n

Jakob notar hugtaki\u00f0 \u201etr\u00fa\u201c \u00ed merkingunni \u201ea\u00f0 tr\u00faa\u201c, \u201ea\u00f0 tr\u00faa\u201c, \u201ea\u00f0 treysta\u201c, \u00f3l\u00edkt P\u00e1li postula, sem notar hugtaki\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed merkingunni \u201ea\u00f0 tr\u00faa\u201c og \u00ed skilningi \u201esannleika\u201c og \u00feetta seinni merkingin er miklu meira notu\u00f0 en \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n

S\u00ed\u00f0an setur Jakob fram kjarna fagna\u00f0arerindisins, sem er n\u00fdf\u00e6\u00f0ing fyrir or\u00f0 sannleikans (Jak 1:18). Eftir a\u00f0 hafa fullyrt a\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 taka \u00e1 m\u00f3ti or\u00f0i fagna\u00f0arerindisins sem hl\u00fd\u00f0inn \u00fej\u00f3nn, sem er kraftur Gu\u00f0s til hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0is (Jakobsbr\u00e9fi\u00f0 2: 21), hvetur Jakob vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur s\u00edna til a\u00f0 uppfylla \u00fea\u00f0 sem er \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed gu\u00f0spjallinu, en ekki gleyma kenningunni Krists (Jakobsbr\u00e9fi\u00f0 2: 21).<\/p>\n

Jakob minnist \u00feess a\u00f0 hver s\u00e1 sem er vakandi fyrir sannleika fagna\u00f0arerindisins og \u00feraukar \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed, er ekki gleymdur \u00e1heyrandi, vinnur verk sem Gu\u00f0 hefur stofna\u00f0: a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 Krist (Jakobsbr\u00e9fi\u00f0 2:25).<\/p>\n

\u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feeirrar vinnu sem Gu\u00f0 krefst s\u00fdnir Jakob a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera tr\u00faa\u00f0ur \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 hemja \u00fea\u00f0 sem kemur fr\u00e1 hjartanu, s\u00e9 a\u00f0 blekkja sj\u00e1lfan sig og tr\u00fa einstaklingsins reynist einskis (Jakobsbr\u00e9fi\u00f0 2: 26-27).<\/p>\n

Aftur kallar James vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur s\u00edna br\u00e6\u00f0ur og kallar \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 til a\u00f0 s\u00fdna f\u00f3lki ekki vir\u00f0ingu, \u00fear sem \u00feeir s\u00f6g\u00f0ust vera tr\u00faa\u00f0ir \u00e1 Krist (Jak 2: 1). Ef einhver segir a\u00f0 hann s\u00e9 tr\u00faa\u00f0ur \u00e1 Drottin Jes\u00fa, ver\u00f0ur hann a\u00f0 fara samkv\u00e6mt \u00feeirri tr\u00fa: a\u00f0 bera ekki vir\u00f0ingu fyrir f\u00f3lki vegna uppruna, tungum\u00e1ls, \u00e6ttb\u00e1lks, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar o.s.frv. (Jak 2:12)<\/p>\n

A\u00f0koma Tiago breytist aftur \u00ed gegnum alvarlegan h\u00e1tt: – \u2018Br\u00e6\u00f0ur m\u00ednir\u2019, a\u00f0 spyrja \u00fe\u00e1 hvort \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 gagnlegt a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 \u00feeir hafi tr\u00fa, ef \u00feeir hafi engin verk. Er m\u00f6gulegt fyrir tr\u00fa \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vista verk?<\/p>\n

Hugtaki\u00f0 vinna \u00ed samhengi ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 skilja \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 vi\u00f0horf mannsins til forna, sem er aflei\u00f0ing hl\u00fd\u00f0ni vi\u00f0 bo\u00f0or\u00f0. Fyrir karla \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma leiddu skipun h\u00fasb\u00f3nda og hl\u00fd\u00f0ni \u00fej\u00f3ns \u00ed vinnu.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1lgunin breytist fr\u00e1 f\u00f3lki \u00ed hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0i. Fyrst; S\u00e1 sem hefur tr\u00fa \u00e1 Krist getur ekki virt. \u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi: S\u00e1 sem segist hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 a\u00f0 Gu\u00f0 s\u00e9 einn, ef hann vinnur ekki \u00fe\u00e1 vinnu sem Gu\u00f0 krefst, \u00fe\u00e1 ver\u00f0ur hann ekki h\u00f3lpinn.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1li\u00f0 sn\u00fdst ekki um einhvern sem segist hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 Krist, heldur s\u00e1 sem segist hafa tr\u00fa er tr\u00fa \u00e1 einn Gu\u00f0. S\u00e1 sem hefur tr\u00fa \u00e1 Krist mun frelsast, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er verki\u00f0 sem Gu\u00f0 krefst. \u00de\u00fa getur ekki bjarga\u00f0 einhverjum sem segist hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 Gu\u00f0i en tr\u00fair ekki \u00e1 Krist, \u00fear sem hann er ekki gerandi verksins.<\/p>\n

Vinnan sem krafist er\u00feeirra sem segjast hafa tr\u00fa (tr\u00fa) er verki\u00f0 sem \u00ferautseigjan l\u00fdkur (Jak 1: 4), \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 vera \u00e1fram a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 hi\u00f0 fullkomna l\u00f6gm\u00e1l, l\u00f6gm\u00e1l frelsisins (Jak 1:25 ).<\/p>\n

\u00dear sem kristnir tr\u00faskiptingar me\u00f0al Gy\u00f0inga vissu a\u00f0 verki\u00f0 sem Gu\u00f0 krefst er a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 Krist, me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki n\u00f3g a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 hann hafi tr\u00fa, lag\u00f0i Jakob \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ska\u00f0laust a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 Gu\u00f0 en ekki a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 Krist.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1lgunin \u00ed 3. kafla breytist aftur \u00feegar sagt er: br\u00e6\u00f0ur m\u00ednir (Jak 3: 1). Kennslan beinist a\u00f0 \u00feeim sem vildu ver\u00f0a meistarar, en fyrir \u00feessa r\u00e1\u00f0herra\u00e6fingu er nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 vera \u201efullkominn\u201c. A\u00f0 vera \u201efullkominn\u201c \u00ed samhenginu er ekki a\u00f0 hrasa um or\u00f0 sannleikans (Jak. 3: 2) og geta \u00feannig leitt l\u00edkamann (nemendur).<\/p>\n

Eftir d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 sem or\u00f0i\u00f0 getur stu\u00f0la\u00f0 a\u00f0, er a\u00f0fer\u00f0inni breytt aftur, til a\u00f0 taka \u00e1 \u00f3m\u00f6guleikanum a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram me\u00f0 mismunandi skilabo\u00f0 fr\u00e1 s\u00f6mu manneskjunni, \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u00feekkingu Gu\u00f0s \u00e1 m\u00f3ti speki og mannlegri hef\u00f0 (Jak 3:10 -12) .<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 lokum er lei\u00f0beiningin s\u00fa a\u00f0 kristnir kristnir menn, sem sn\u00faast fr\u00e1 Gy\u00f0ingum, eigi ekki a\u00f0 tala illa hver um annan (Jakobsbr\u00e9fi\u00f0 4:11) og v\u00edsa til mynda (au\u00f0ugur) til Gy\u00f0inga sem dr\u00e1pu Krist.<\/p>\n

Br\u00e9finu er loka\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fjalla um upphafs\u00feema\u00f0: \u00ferautseigju (Jak. 5:11), hvetja tr\u00faa\u00f0a til a\u00f0 vera \u00feolinm\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00ed \u00fej\u00e1ningum.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Helstu ranghugmyndir t\u00falkunar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Skildu a\u00f0 Tiago hefur \u00e1hyggjur af m\u00e1lefnum eins og f\u00e9lagslegu r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti, tekjudreifingu, g\u00f3\u00f0ger\u00f0arstarfsemi osfrv.<\/li>\n
  2. A\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 alvarlega \u00e1minningu \u201er\u00edkra\u201c sem safna v\u00f6rum sem \u00e1v\u00edtunar \u00feeim sem \u00e1ttu efnislegan au\u00f0 er a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 hugtaki\u00f0 \u201er\u00edkur\u201c er tala sem \u00e1 vi\u00f0 um Gy\u00f0inga;<\/li>\n
  3. Skildu a\u00f0 br\u00e9f Jakobs er andst\u00e6tt kenningu P\u00e1ls postula, sem veitir hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir tr\u00fa \u00e1 Krist Jes\u00fa. Reyndar s\u00fdnir Jakob a\u00f0 tr\u00fa \u00e1 Gu\u00f0 er ekki \u00fea\u00f0 sem Gu\u00f0 krefst til hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0is, heldur a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 Jes\u00fas s\u00e9 Kristur, verk tr\u00faarinnar;<\/li>\n
  4. Ger\u00f0u \u00fe\u00e9r grein fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0ra verka er krafist til a\u00f0 sannvotta \u00fe\u00e1 sem hafa \u00f3svikna tr\u00fa. S\u00e1 sem tr\u00fair \u00e1 Krist samkv\u00e6mt Ritningunum, hefur \u00f3svikna tr\u00fa, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fea\u00f0 verk sem Gu\u00f0 krefst.<\/li>\n
  5. Blandi\u00f0 saman g\u00f3\u00f0um verkum og \u00e1v\u00f6xtum sem tr\u00e9\u00f0 er au\u00f0kennt me\u00f0.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Verki\u00f0 sem krafist er \u00ed br\u00e9fi Jakobs sem segist hafa tr\u00fa (tr\u00fa) er verki\u00f0 sem \u00ferautseigja l\u00fdkur (Jak 1: 4), \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00e1 hi\u00f0 fullkomna l\u00f6gm\u00e1l, l\u00f6gm\u00e1l frelsisins (Jak 1: 25).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":142,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8,46,48,49],"class_list":["post-141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sem-categoria","tag-bref-jakobs","tag-tru","tag-verk","tag-thrautseigja"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudosbiblicos.org\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}